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Overview

Bridgeless is designed as a robust and scalable solution for cross-chain interoperability. The architecture is composed of several key components that ensure the secure and efficient operation of the system. These components include both development-focused elements such as databases and message brokers, and architectural elements like validator nodes and threshold signature producers.

Architecture

Components​

Development-Focused Components​

  1. Databases and Message Brokers

    • Databases store essential data related to token transfers, configurations, and other system operations.
    • Message brokers facilitate reliable communication between system components.

  2. RPC Providers

    • Provide access to blockchain networks, enabling Bridgeless to interact with supported chains and fetch transaction data.

  3. Threshold Signature Service

    • Responsible for generating cryptographic signatures used in cross-chain operations.

  4. Blockchain Core Service (Validator Node)

    • Acts as the backbone of the system, ensuring data integrity and managing protocol-specific operations.

Architectural Components​

  1. Validator Nodes

    • Operate in tandem with threshold signature producers.
    • Utilize a Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) consensus mechanism to manage operations such as creating, updating, and deleting data as defined by the protocol.
    • Support staking algorithms for native tokens and specialized NFTs.
    • Implement custom token distribution schemes and maintain configuration data essential to bridge logic.

  2. Threshold Signature Producers

    • Establish connections with other threshold signature producers and validator nodes.
    • Interact with RPC providers to retrieve transaction data.
    • Handle user requests for deposit verification, withdrawal signing, and submission.
    • Manage bridge liquidity migration and key regeneration in case of producer changes.

EVM Smart Contracts​

EVM-compatible smart contracts are a vital part of Bridgeless, providing on-chain logic and security for operations. Key functionalities include:

  1. Deposit Management

    • Collect user deposits and emit events for transaction tracking.

  2. Withdrawal Operations

    • Verify ECDSA signatures to authorize withdrawals.

  3. Key Management

    • Support dynamic key changes by validating signatures from the current key.
    • Optionally, provide a master key for administrative operations.

Interactions Between Components​

  1. Data Flow

    • User actions, such as deposits, trigger smart contract events that are tracked by validator nodes.
    • Validator nodes generate cryptographic proofs (witnesses) and interact with threshold signature producers to perform cross-chain operations.

  2. Key Operations

    • Validator nodes and signature producers work together to manage asset transfers and maintain system security.
    • Database and message brokers ensure reliable data handling and communication between services.